Mammals from tiny shrews to giant anteaters have specialised in eating insects. Some have even pursued their prey into the skies.

The plant eaters take on the largely indigestible, spiny and poisonous defences of plants with some spectacular physical adaptations to diet.

Special tools like chisel sharp front teeth and underground dwelling enable this group of mammals to feast on roots and seeds.

Predators and prey must evolve speed, endurance and manoeuvrability to outwit each other, and the pack hunters must maintain order in the ranks.

In the daily hubbub of monkey life, only those with a talent for social wheeler dealing get ahead, driving the shift towards larger brains.

The natural world was transformed when one great ape began to walk upright - us. But why has this led to the development of our extraordinary brains?